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After it gets the DES key out of the ECC exchange the ATECC608 is no longer used. How does initial key generation work? With the ATECC608 I tell it to generate a key pair and pass me back the public key. I have no access to the private key, there is no way to ask the chip to give it to me. In order to provide a public key, each user in your system must generate one if they don’t already have one. This process is similar across all operating systems. First, you should check to make sure you don’t already have a key. By default, a user’s SSH keys are stored in that user’s /.ssh directory. Generating a Secure Shell (SSH) Public/Private Key Pair. Several tools exist to generate SSH public/private key pairs. The following sections show how to generate an SSH key pair on UNIX, UNIX-like and Windows platforms. Generating an SSH Key Pair on.

May 13, 2019  In Private key, the same key (secret key) is used for encryption and decryption. In this key is symmetric because the only key is copy or share by another party to decrypt the cipher text. It is faster than the public key cryptography. Public Key: In Public key, two keys are used one key is used for encryption and another key is used for. If you need it in a format for openssh, please see Use RSA private key to generate public key? Note that public key is generated from the private key and ssh uses the identity file (private key file) to generate and send public key to server and un-encrypt the encrypted token from the server via the private key. Mar 22, 2019 Pro tip: You can use wireguard-vanity-address to generate a pretty public key, for example, that starts with certain characters. It’s easier to identify your mobile phone’s connection in the peer list if its public key starts with “pho”:). Keep in mind that you will need a safe transport in order to move the private key to the device. Test cases for the framework. Contribute to Open-TEE/tests development by creating an account on GitHub.

Introduction

WireGuard is a modern, high-performance VPN designed to be easy to use while providing robust security. WireGuard focuses only on providing a secure connection between parties over a network interface encrypted with public key authentication. This means that, unlike most VPNs, no topology is enforced so different configurations can be achieved by manipulating the surrounding networking configuration. This model offers great power and flexibility that can be applied according to your individual needs.

One of the simplest topologies that WireGuard can use is a point-to-point connection. This establishes a secure link between two machines without mediation by a central server. This type of connection can also be used between more than two members to establish a mesh VPN topology, where each individual server can talk to its peers directly. Because each host is on equal footing, these two topologies are best suited for establishing secure messaging between servers as opposed to using a single server as a gateway to route traffic through.

In this guide, we will demonstrate how to establish a point-to-point VPN connection with WireGuard using two Ubuntu 16.04 servers. We will start by installing the software and then generating cryptographic key pairs for each host. Afterwards, we will create a short configuration file to define the peer’s connection information. Once we start up the interface, we will be able to send secure messages between the servers over the WireGuard interface.

Prerequisites

To follow along with this guide, you will need access to two Ubuntu 16.04 servers. On each server, you will need to create a non-root user with sudo privileges to perform administrative actions. You will also need a basic firewall configured on each system. You can fulfill these requirements by completing the following tutorial:

When you are ready to continue, log into each server with your sudo user.

Installing the Software

The WireGuard project provides a PPA with up-to-date packages for Ubuntu systems. We will need to install WireGuard on both of our servers before we can continue. On each server, perform the following actions.

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First, add the WireGuard PPA to the system to configure access to the project’s packages:

Press ENTER when prompted to add the new package source to your apt configuration. Once the PPA has been added, update the local package index to pull down information about the newly available packages and then install the WireGuard kernel module and userland components:

Next, we can begin configuring WireGuard on each of our servers.

Creating a Private Key

Each participant in a WireGuard VPN authenticates to its peers using public keys cryptography. Connections between new peers can be established by exchanging public keys and performing minimal configuration.

To generate a private key and write it directly to a WireGuard configuration file, type the following on each server:

The first command writes the initial contents of a configuration file to /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf. The umask value in a sub-shell so that we create the file with restricted permissions without affecting our regular environment.

The second command generates a private key using WireGuard’s wg command and writes it directly to our restricted configuration file. We also pipe the key back into the wg pubkey command to derive the associated public key, which we write to a file called /etc/wireguard/publickey for easy reference. We will need to exchange the key in this file with the second server as we define our configuration.

Creating an Initial Configuration File

Next, we will open the configuration file in an editor to set up a few other details:

Inside, you should see your generated private key defined in a section called [Interface]. This section contains the configuration for the local side of the connection.

Configuring the Interface Section

We need to define the VPN IP address this node will use and the port that it will listen on for connections from peers. Begin by adding ListenPort and SaveConfig lines so that your file looks like this:

This sets the port that WireGuard will listen on. This can be any free, bindable port, but in this guide we will set up our VPN on port 5555 for both servers. Set the ListenPort on each host to the port you’ve selected:

We also set SaveConfig to true. This will tell the wg-quick service to automatically save its active configuration to this file at shutdown.

Note: When SaveConfig is enabled, the wg-quick service will overwrite the contents of the /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf file whenever the service shuts down. If you need to modify the WireGuard configuration, either shut down the wg-quick service prior to editing the /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf file or make the changes to the running service using the wg command (these will be be saved in the file when the service shuts down). Any changes made to the configuration file while the service is running will be overwritten when wg-quick stores its active configuration.

Next, add a unique Address definition to each server so that the wg-quick service can set the network information when it brings up the WireGuard interface. We will use the 10.0.0.0/24 subnet as the address space for our VPN. For each computer, you will need to pick a unique address within this range (10.0.0.1 to 10.0.0.254) and specify the address and subnet using CIDR notation.

We will give our first server an address of 10.0.0.1, which is represented as 10.0.0.1/24 in CIDR notation:

On our second server, we will define the address as 10.0.0.2, which give us a CIDR representation of 10.0.0.2/24:

This is the end of the [Interface] section. Generate 1024-bit rsa keys command.

We can enter the information about the server’s peers either within the configuration file or manually using the wg command later on. As mentioned above, the wg-quick service with the SaveConfig option set to true will mean that the peer information will eventually be written to the file with either method.

To demonstrate both ways of defining peer identities, we will create a [Peer] section in the second server’s configuration file but not the first. You can save and close the configuration file for the first server (the one defining the 10.0.0.1 address) now.

Defining the Peer Section

In the configuration file that’s still open, create a section called [Peer] below the entries in the [Interface] section.

Begin by setting the PublicKey to the value of the first server’s public key. You can find this value by typing cat /etc/wireguard/publickey on the opposite server. We will also set AllowedIPs to the IP addresses that are valid inside the tunnel. Since we know the specific IP address that the first server is using, we can input that directly, ending with /32 to indicate a range that contains single IP value:

Finally, we can set the Endpoint to the first server’s public IP address and the WireGuard listening port (we used port 5555 in this example). WireGuard will update this value if it receives legitimate traffic from this peer on another address, allowing the VPN to adapt to roaming conditions. We set the initial value so that this server can initiate contact:

When you are finished, save and close the file to return to the command prompt.

Starting the VPN and Connecting to Peers

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We’re now ready to start WireGuard on each server and configure the connection between our two peers.

Opening the Firewall and Starting the VPN

First, open up the WireGuard port in the firewall on each server:

Now, start the wg-quick service using the wg0 interface file we defined:

This will start of the wg0 network interface on the machine. We can confirm this by typing:

We can use the wg tool to view information about the active configuration of the VPN:

On the server without a peer definition, the display will look something like this:

On the server with a peer configuration already defined, the output will also contain that information:

To complete the connection, we now need to add the second server’s peering information to the first server using the wg command.

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Adding the Missing Peer Information on the Command Line

On the first server (the one that doesn’t display peer information), enter the peering information manually using the following format. The second server’s public key can be found in the output of sudo wg from the second server:

You can confirm that the information is now in the active configuration by typing sudo wg again on the first server:

Our point-to-point connection should now be available. Try pinging the VPN address of the second server from the first:

If everything is working correctly, you can save the configuration on the first server back to the /etc/wireguard/wg0.conf file by restarting the service:

If you want to start the tunnel at boot, you can enable the service on each machine by typing:

The VPN tunnel should now be automatically started whenever the machine boots.

Conclusion

WireGuard is a great option for many use cases due to its flexibility, light-weight implementation, and modern cryptography. In this guide, we installed WireGuard on two Ubuntu 16.04 servers and configured each host as a server with a point-to-point connection to its peer. This topology is ideal for establishing server-to-server communication with peers where each side is an equal participant or where hosts might have to establish ad-hoc connections to other servers.

You generate an SSH key through macOS by using the Terminal application. Once you upload a valid public SSH key, the Triton Compute Service uses SmartLogin to copy the public key to any new SmartMachine you provision.

Joyent recommends RSA keys because the node-manta CLI programs work with RSA keys both locally and with the ssh agent. DSA keys will work only if the private key is on the same system as the CLI, and not password-protected.

About Terminal

Terminal is the terminal emulator which provides a text-based command line interface to the Unix shell of macOS.

To open the macOS Terminal, follow these steps:

1. In Finder, choose Utilities from the Applications folder.
2. Find Terminal in the Utilities listw.
3. Open Terminal.

The Terminal window opens with the commandline prompt displaying the name of your machine and your username.

Generating an SSH key

An SSH key consists of a pair of files. One is the private key, which should never be shared with anyone. The other is the public key. The other file is a public key which allows you to log into the containers and VMs you provision. When you generate the keys, you will use ssh-keygen to store the keys in a safe location so you can bypass the login prompt when connecting to your instances.

To generate SSH keys in macOS, follow these steps:

1. Enter the following command in the Terminal window.

   This starts the key generation process. When you execute this command, the ssh-keygen utility prompts you to indicate where to store the key.

2. Press the ENTER key to accept the default location. The ssh-keygen utility prompts you for a passphrase.

3. Type in a passphrase. You can also hit the ENTER key to accept the default (no passphrase). However, this is not recommended.

You will need to enter the passphrase a second time to continue.

After you confirm the passphrase, the system generates the key pair.

Your private key is saved to the id_rsa file in the .ssh directory and is used to verify the public key you use belongs to the same Triton Compute Service account.

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Your public key is saved to the id_rsa.pub;file and is the key you upload to your Triton Compute Service account. You can save this key to the clipboard by running this:

Importing your SSH key

Now you must import the copied SSH key to the portal.

1. After you copy the SSH key to the clipboard, return to your account page.
2. Choose to Import Public Key and paste your SSH key into the Public Key field.
3. In the Key Name field, provide a name for the key. Note: although providing a key name is optional, it is a best practice for ease of managing multiple SSH keys.
4. Add the key. It will now appear in your table of keys under SSH.

Troubleshooting

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You may see a password prompt like this:

This is because:

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• You did not enter the correct passphrase.
• The private key on your Macintosh (id_rsa) does not match the public key stored with your Triton Compute Service account.
• The public key was not entered correctly in your Triton account.

What are my next steps?

Right in the portal, you can easily create Docker containers, infrastructure containers, and hardware virtual machines.

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In order to use the Terminal to create instances, set up triton and CloudAPI as well as the triton-docker commandline tool.